---
title: How do adolescents perceive PMDD symptoms? | Niyora
description: Adolescents had two different views of PMDD. Some saw it as a natural part of being female, while others saw it as a disease. The study included only 6 girls,
url: https://niyora.com/research/papers/adolescents-ambivalence-of-premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-pmdd-a-phenomenology-2018/
---

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- How do adolescents perceive PMDD symptoms?

Interview study, 2018

# How do adolescents perceive PMDD symptoms?

Adolescents had two different views of PMDD. Some saw it as a natural part of being female, while others saw it as a disease. The study included only 6 girls, so findings may not apply to all teenagers.

 Early or limited evidence

6 female high school students in Cangkringan, Indonesia with PMDD

## What they did

Qualitative phenomenological study with 6 female high school students diagnosed with PMDD. Researchers conducted unstructured in-depth interviews and analyzed the data using Colaizzi method.

## What they found

Two themes emerged: positive perception where symptoms were accepted as a natural phenomenon of women, and negative perception where symptoms were accepted as a disease.

## What it means for you

How teenagers understand PMDD varies widely. This very small study suggests healthcare providers need better education programs for teens about PMDD to shape these perceptions. Main limit is the tiny sample size.

6

participants

3-8%

PMDD prevalence in general population

41.8%

PMDD prevalence after disaster

## About the study

Original title Adolescents’ Ambivalence of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD): A phenomenology study Authors Dewi Marfuah Journal Journal of Maternity Care and Reproductive Health Year 2018 Study design Interview study What was tested None. This is an observational qualitative study. Open access Yes Read the paper [doi.org/10.36780/jmcrh.v1i1.20](https://doi.org/10.36780/jmcrh.v1i1.20)

## Topics

[Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pms/)[Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pmdd/)[Low mood and depression](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-depression-mood/)[Psychotherapy, counselling and education](https://niyora.com/research/topics/treatment-psychotherapy/)[Adolescents and young people](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-adolescents/)[Stigma, attitudes and culture](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-stigma-culture/)

Research tells you what helps on average. Niyora helps on the day it hits.

Calm down, see it another way, and decide what to say, with a PMS and PMDD app built by a doctor.

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