---
title: Are women with PMS different from other women in their urine chemistry?
description: Yes, tests found different levels of certain chemicals in women with PMS compared to healthy women. Because this was a very small study of only 17 women, the
url: https://niyora.com/research/papers/direct-chemical-ionization-mass-spectrometric-profiling-of-urine-in-premenstrual-1989/
---

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- Are women with PMS different from other women in their urine chemistry?

Case-control study, 1989

# Are women with PMS different from other women in their urine chemistry?

Yes, tests found different levels of certain chemicals in women with PMS compared to healthy women. Because this was a very small study of only 17 women, the findings are preliminary.

 Early or limited evidence

17 women with PMS and 18 control women

## What they did

Researchers collected urine samples from 17 women with PMS and 18 healthy women at two points in their menstrual cycle (days 11 and 25) and analyzed the chemical content.

## What they found

Women with PMS had different levels of chemicals related to estrogen and other compounds in their urine compared to controls. These chemical differences were linked to which day of the cycle the sample was taken.

## What it means for you

The study suggests that chemical imbalances in the body may be involved in PMS. However, because only 17 women with PMS were studied, we cannot be sure if this finding applies to all women with PMS.

17

women with PMS

18

control women

2

cycle phases sampled

## About the study

Original title Direct chemical ionization-mass spectrometric profiling of urine in premenstrual syndrome Authors Tas AC, van den Berg H, Odink J et al. Journal Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis Year 1989 Study design Case-control study Participants 18 What was tested none Read the paper [doi.org/10.1016/0731-7085(89)80127-x](https://doi.org/10.1016/0731-7085(89)80127-x)

## Topics

[Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pms/)

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