---
title: What are PMS and PMDD and how are they treated? | Niyora
description: PMS affects 10-98% of women and PMDD affects 2-8%. Both are treated with birth control, antidepressants, exercise, and lifestyle changes.
url: https://niyora.com/research/papers/premenstrual-syndrome-a-common-but-underrated-entity-review-of-the-clinical-2021/
---

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- What are PMS and PMDD and how are they treated?

Survey study, 2021

# What are PMS and PMDD and how are they treated?

PMS affects 10-98% of women and PMDD affects 2-8%. Both are treated with birth control, antidepressants, exercise, and lifestyle changes.

 Early or limited evidence

Women of reproductive age (literature review, not original research)

## What they did

This was a review of the medical literature on PMS and PMDD.

## What they found

PMS and PMDD are characterized by physical and psychological symptoms that appear before menstruation and improve when your period starts. Key treatments include birth control pills, SSRIs (antidepressants), exercise, and lifestyle changes. For severe cases, tricyclic antidepressants and hormone treatments can be used. Vitamins and minerals may play a role but the evidence remains unclear.

## What it means for you

Many treatment options are available. The wide range in PMS prevalence (10-98%) shows diagnosis depends on how strictly symptoms are defined. To diagnose properly, doctors must rule out other conditions like thyroid problems and depression.

10-98%

Prevalence of PMS

2-8%

Prevalence of PMDD

## About the study

Original title Premenstrual syndrome, a common but underrated entity: review of the clinical literature Authors Dilbaz B, Aksan A Journal Journal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association Year 2021 Study design Survey study What was tested None - literature review Open access Yes Read the paper [doi.org/10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2020.0133](https://doi.org/10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2020.0133)

## Topics

[Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pms/)[Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pmdd/)[Low mood and depression](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-depression-mood/)[SSRIs and antidepressants](https://niyora.com/research/topics/treatment-ssri/)[Oral contraceptives and drospirenone](https://niyora.com/research/topics/treatment-hormonal-contraceptives/)[GnRH agonists and ovarian suppression](https://niyora.com/research/topics/treatment-gnrh/)[Thyroid disorders](https://niyora.com/research/topics/comorbidity-thyroid/)

Research tells you what helps on average. Niyora helps on the day it hits.

Calm down, see it another way, and decide what to say, with a PMS and PMDD app built by a doctor.

## Related studies

Systematic review, 2024

What are the best treatments for PMDD and PMS?

Guideline, 2023

How are GnRH agonists used to treat PMDD that doesn't respond to standard medications?

Systematic review, 2022

What are the best treatments for PMDD and PMS?

Review, 2018

What are the most effective treatments for premenstrual syndrome and PMDD?

Review, 2015

What do we know about PMS and PMDD and how are they treated?

Review, 2008

What medications are FDA-approved for treating PMDD?

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