--- title: How common is PMDD in working women and what factors are associated with it? description: PMDD occurs in 3.04% of working women in this region of China. Several factors appear associated including older age, irregular cycles, and higher caffeine in url: https://niyora.com/research/papers/prevalence-and-correlations-of-premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-a-sample-of-adult-2024/ --- - [Niyora](https://niyora.com/) - [Research](https://niyora.com/research/) - [Library](https://niyora.com/research/library/) - How common is PMDD in working women and what factors are associated with it? Survey study, 2024 # How common is PMDD in working women and what factors are associated with it? PMDD occurs in 3.04% of working women in this region of China. Several factors appear associated including older age, irregular cycles, and higher caffeine intake, but results may not apply to other populations. Early or limited evidence 1710 working women in six communities in Hangzhou, China ## What they did Cross-sectional survey of 1710 working women in six communities in Hangzhou, China between January and March 2022. Women answered questions about age, menstrual history, lifestyle, and PMDD symptoms. ## What they found 52 of 1710 women (3.04%) had PMDD. Risk increased with older age (odds ratio 3.196), irregular cycles (odds ratio 2.352), higher caffeine (odds ratio 2.318), and lower physical activity (odds ratio 2.234). Risk decreased with higher income and earlier menarche. ## What it means for you PMDD is relatively uncommon in this working population. Some factors like more physical activity and less caffeine may reduce risk. A key limitation is this study was only in one region of China, so the findings may not apply to other populations. 3.04% Prevalence of PMDD in working women 3.196 Odds ratio increase with older age 2.352 Odds ratio increase with irregular menstrual cycle ## About the study Original title Prevalence and Correlations of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: A Sample of Adult Working Women Authors Wu H, Yang Y, Shen W Journal Actas espanolas de psiquiatria Year 2024 Study design Survey study Participants 1,710 Open access Yes Read the paper [doi.org/10.62641/aep.v52i5.1703](https://doi.org/10.62641/aep.v52i5.1703) ## Topics [Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pms/)[Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pmdd/)[Low mood and depression](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-depression-mood/)[Exercise and yoga](https://niyora.com/research/topics/treatment-exercise/)[Diet and nutrition](https://niyora.com/research/topics/treatment-diet/)[Work and productivity](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-work/)[Adolescents and young people](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-adolescents/) Research tells you what helps on average. Niyora helps on the day it hits. Calm down, see it another way, and decide what to say, with a PMS and PMDD app built by a doctor. ## Related studies Systematic review, 2025 How common are PMS, PMDD, and painful periods in nursing students, and do they affect their schooling? Survey study, 2016 How many high school students in Japan miss school due to premenstrual symptoms and what increases the risk? Survey study, 2023 What percentage of women aged 20-35 have PMS symptoms and what types are most common? Lab study, 2026 Do core stability exercises help women with PMDD? Randomised trial, 2026 Does physical activity help manage PMS and PMDD symptoms? Survey study, 2023 What factors make some women more likely to have PMS or PMDD? Ask AI about this page Copy prompt ChatGPT ↗ Claude ↗ Perplexity ↗ Google AI Mode ↗ Grok ↗