--- title: How common is PMS in women of reproductive age and what factors increase the risk? description: 30.4% had PMS, with most having mild to moderate symptoms. Women with higher stress, depression symptoms, painful periods, and higher education level had high url: https://niyora.com/research/papers/prevalence-of-premenstrual-syndrome-in-reproductive-women-and-its-influential-1998/ --- - [Niyora](https://niyora.com/) - [Research](https://niyora.com/research/) - [Library](https://niyora.com/research/library/) - How common is PMS in women of reproductive age and what factors increase the risk? Survey study, 1998 # How common is PMS in women of reproductive age and what factors increase the risk? 30.4% had PMS, with most having mild to moderate symptoms. Women with higher stress, depression symptoms, painful periods, and higher education level had higher rates. Early or limited evidence 454 reproductive women aged 15-49 in Beijing ## What they did Cross-sectional questionnaire study of 454 reproductive women aged 15-49 in Beijing. Women were asked about PMS symptoms, stress level, education level, dysmenorrhea (painful periods), feelings about menstruation, and depression symptoms. ## What they found 30.4% had PMS: 61.6% of those had mild symptoms, 34.1% moderate symptoms, and 4.3% severe symptoms. Most common symptoms were irritability, depression, anxiety, diarrhea, lack of concentration, and sleeping excessively. Women with higher education, greater stress, dysmenorrhea, dislike of menstruation, and depression symptoms had higher PMS rates than others (P<0.05). ## What it means for you PMS affects about one-third of women of reproductive age, especially those with higher stress, depression symptoms, painful periods, and negative feelings about menstruation. The study was limited to one city in China and shows association only, not proof that these factors cause PMS. 30.4% prevalence of PMS 454 women studied P<0.05 significance of risk factors ## About the study Original title [Prevalence of premenstrual syndrome in reproductive women and its influential factors] Authors Zhao G, Wang L, Qu C Journal Zhonghua fu chan ke za zhi Year 1998 Study design Survey study Participants 454 What was tested None - questionnaire survey Read the paper [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10682469/](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10682469/) ## Topics [Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pms/)[Menstrual cycle and mood](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-cycle-mood/)[Dysmenorrhea and period pain](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-dysmenorrhea/)[Low mood and depression](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-depression-mood/)[Cognition, concentration and memory](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-cognition/)[Stress](https://niyora.com/research/topics/symptom-stress/)[Work and productivity](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-work/)[Stigma, attitudes and culture](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-stigma-culture/) Research tells you what helps on average. Niyora helps on the day it hits. Calm down, see it another way, and decide what to say, with a PMS and PMDD app built by a doctor. ## Related studies Review, 2026 Do men experience premenstrual syndrome? Survey study, 2023 How common are PMS and PMDD among college girls, and what are their symptoms? Survey study, 2018 How aware are men of what PMS is and how it affects their partners? Survey study, 2009 Does job stress affect periods and hormone levels in female workers? Cohort study, 2025 How common is PMS in Chinese teenage girls, and what factors are linked to it? Randomised trial, 2024 Does curcumin reduce depression, anxiety, and stress in women with PMS and dysmenorrhea? Ask AI about this page Copy prompt ChatGPT ↗ Claude ↗ Perplexity ↗ Google AI Mode ↗ Grok ↗