--- title: Is exposure to chemicals that disrupt hormones linked to more severe PMS? description: Yes. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between endocrine disruptor exposure and PMS severity (r = 0.196, p = 0.014), though the relat url: https://niyora.com/research/papers/the-relationship-between-endocrine-disruptor-exposure-behavior-and-premenstrual-2024/ --- - [Niyora](https://niyora.com/) - [Research](https://niyora.com/research/) - [Library](https://niyora.com/research/library/) - Is exposure to chemicals that disrupt hormones linked to more severe PMS? Survey study, 2024 # Is exposure to chemicals that disrupt hormones linked to more severe PMS? Yes. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between endocrine disruptor exposure and PMS severity (r = 0.196, p = 0.014), though the relationship was modest. Early or limited evidence 160 female college students (157 with valid responses) ## What they did Cross-sectional study of 160 female college students (157 with valid responses). Researchers collected data through structured questionnaires about endocrine disruptor exposure behaviour and PMS symptoms. Data were analyzed using correlation and variance analysis techniques. ## What they found Mean endocrine disruptor exposure behaviour score was 2.72 (moderate exposure). Mean PMS score was 2.08 (mild symptoms). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the two variables (r = 0.196, p = 0.014). PMS severity was significantly higher among participants using analgesics (t = 2.243, p = 0.026). ## What it means for you Higher exposure to endocrine disruptors is associated with more severe PMS symptoms. However, the correlation was weak, meaning other factors also play important roles. The study was limited to college students and cross-sectional, so it shows association but not cause and effect. The study does not specify which endocrine disruptors or behaviours contribute most to exposure. 0.196 Correlation between endocrine disruptor exposure and PMS 2.72 Mean endocrine disruptor exposure score 157 Valid responses analyzed ## About the study Original title The Relationship between Endocrine Disruptor Exposure Behavior and Premenstrual Syndrome in Female College Students Authors Pamela G. Hawranik, L. Strain Journal International Journal of Advanced Nursing Education and Research Year 2024 Study design Survey study Participants 160 What was tested None. Observational study. Open access Yes Read the paper [doi.org/10.21742/ijaner.2024.9.2.01](https://doi.org/10.21742/ijaner.2024.9.2.01) ## Topics [Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)](https://niyora.com/research/topics/condition-pms/)[Psychotherapy, counselling and education](https://niyora.com/research/topics/treatment-psychotherapy/)[Work and productivity](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-work/)[Relationships and partners](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-relationships/)[Students and academic performance](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-education/)[Stigma, attitudes and culture](https://niyora.com/research/topics/life-area-stigma-culture/) Research tells you what helps on average. Niyora helps on the day it hits. Calm down, see it another way, and decide what to say, with a PMS and PMDD app built by a doctor. ## Related studies Survey study, 2020 What attitudes do teenage girls have about premenstrual syndrome, and what affects them? Study, 2026 What coping strategies help women manage PMS symptoms? Survey study, 2026 Is academic stress linked to PMS severity in university students? Survey study, 2015 What helps high school girls manage premenstrual symptoms? Survey study, 2026 Why is understanding PMS awareness in teenage girls important? Survey study, 2026 Do nursing students understand premenstrual syndrome? Ask AI about this page Copy prompt ChatGPT ↗ Claude ↗ Perplexity ↗ Google AI Mode ↗ Grok ↗