Survey study, 2025
Does eating more calcium or vitamin D help reduce PMS?
No clear link was found. Calcium showed a slight trend toward helping, but this was not statistically significant.
What they did
Cross-sectional survey of 390 women aged 22-49 who answered questions about diet and PMS symptoms between 2022 and 2023.
What they found
10% of women had moderate to severe PMS. Neither calcium nor vitamin D was significantly linked to PMS. Calcium showed a non-significant downward trend with p=0.06 for the trend.
What it means for you
Calcium and vitamin D do not show a clear protective effect against PMS based on this study. This is observational research, so we cannot say whether these nutrients actually prevent PMS. More research is needed.
10%
women with moderate to severe PMS
0.06
p value for calcium trend
About the study
- Original title
- Calcium, Vitamin D, and Dairy Intake and Premenstrual Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study
- Authors
- Nanri A, Sakanari M, Mantani H et al.
- Journal
- Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology
- Year
- 2025
- Study design
- Survey study
- Participants
- 390
- What was tested
- None - study observed dietary intake
- Open access
- Yes
- Read the paper
- doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.71.155
Topics
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