Survey study, 2025

Do different eating patterns affect PMS risk?

No clear link was found. A vegetable-rich diet showed a trend toward lower PMS, but the result was not definitive.

Early or limited evidence 427 women aged 22-50 years

What they did

Cross-sectional survey of 427 women aged 22-50 in 2022-2023. Researchers identified eating patterns based on 52 different foods.

What they found

9.6% of women had moderate to severe PMS. Four eating patterns were identified. The highest vegetable pattern score (high in vegetables, mushrooms, potatoes, seaweeds, and chicken) was linked with lower PMS odds (0.69), but this was not statistically significant.

What it means for you

No strong link between eating patterns and PMS was found. The vegetable pattern is worth studying further, but observational research cannot prove it prevents PMS.

9.6%

women with moderate to severe PMS

0.69

odds ratio for vegetable pattern

dietary patterns identified

About the study

Original title: Dietary Patterns and Premenstrual Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nanri A, Nakamura M, Takeda T et al.
Journal: Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology
Year: 2025
Study design: Survey study
Participants: 427
What was tested: None - study observed dietary patterns
Open access: Yes
Read the paper: doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.71.568

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