Systematic review, 2021
How common are PMS and PMDD among women in India?
Very common. About 43% of Indian women have PMS and 8% have PMDD, with even higher rates of 49.6% in adolescents.
What they did
Meta-analysis combining 25 studies from 2000 to 2020 (8,542 women total) that measured how many Indian women had PMS or PMDD. They pooled the results to estimate overall prevalence.
What they found
Pooled prevalence of PMS was 43% (95% confidence interval 0.35 to 0.50). PMDD prevalence was 8% (95% CI 0.60 to 0.10). In adolescence, PMS prevalence was higher at 49.6%.
What it means for you
Nearly half of Indian women experience PMS, making it a major health issue. The main limit is that estimates vary widely between studies, suggesting the true number may be different.
43%
Overall PMS prevalence
8%
PMDD prevalence
49.6%
PMS prevalence in adolescents
About the study
- Original title
- Prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Authors
- Dutta A, Sharma A
- Journal
- Health promotion perspectives
- Year
- 2021
- Study design
- Systematic review
- What was tested
- None. This measured how common PMS is, not tested a treatment.
- Open access
- Yes
- Read the paper
- doi.org/10.34172/hpp.2021.20
Original abstract
Background: The burden and impact of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is not well characterised among Indian population. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of PMS and PMDD among females of reproductive age group living in India. Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and IndMed for studies reporting the prevalence of PMS and/ or PMDD from any part of India, published from 2000 up to Aug 2020. We performed random-effects meta-analyses evaluated using I 2 statistic, subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses and assessed study quality. Estimated prevalence along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported for each outcome of interest. The quality of each study was evaluated using modified Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). This review was conducted following the standard of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. The protocol was registered prospectively in PROSPERO (CRD42020199787). Results: Our search identified 524 citations in total, of which 25 studies (22 reported PMS, and 11 reported PMDD) with 8542 participants were finally included. The pooled prevalence of PMS and PMDD were 43% (95% CI: 0.35-0.50) and 8% (95% CI: 0.60-0.10) respectively. The estimated prevalence of PMS in adolescence was higher and account to be 49.6% (95% CI: 0.40-0.59). The heterogeneity for all the estimates was very high and could be explained through several factors involved within and between studies. Conclusion: This study identified a substantially high prevalence of PMS and PMDD in India. To identify potentially related factors, more focused epidemiological research is warranted. However, noticing the fact of significant prevalence and its potential impact on the population, stakeholders and policymakers need to address this problem at the community and individual level.
Reproduced under CC-BY.
Topics
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