Survey study, 2026
Does PMS affect emotional performance and body awareness in female athletes?
Yes. Women with PMS had significantly worse emotional performance scores than those without PMS, and greater PMS severity linked to lower body awareness and worse performance mood.
What they did
Cross-sectional study of 412 collegiate female athletes. Researchers measured PMS using the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS), performance-related emotional states using the Continuous Optimal Performance Emotional State Scale-2 (COPESS-2), and body awareness using the Body Awareness Questionnaire (BAQ).
What they found
Athletes with PMS had significantly lower performance-related emotional state scores (p<0.05) compared to those without PMS. Greater PMS severity correlated with lower performance mood and body awareness. Better body awareness correlated with better performance mood.
What it means for you
PMS affects how female athletes feel emotionally during performance and their body awareness. The study is limited because it shows correlation only (a snapshot, not cause-and-effect) and only included college athletes, so results may not apply to all women or non-athletes.
412
Female athletes studied
p<0.05
Significant difference in performance scores
About the study
- Original title
- How Premenstrual Syndrome Affects Body Awareness and Emotional Performance in Collegiate Female Athletes?
- Authors
- Hümeyra Kiloatar, Çimen Ölçay Demir, Aylin Aydoğdu Delibay et al.
- Journal
- Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise
- Year
- 2026
- Study design
- Survey study
- Participants
- 412
- What was tested
- None (observational study)
- Open access
- Yes
- Read the paper
- doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1689334
Topics
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