Survey study, 2006
What percentage of Japanese high school girls have PMDD or PMS, and what affects it?
About 8.4% have PMDD and 18.5% have PMS. Stress, poor sleep, less exercise, irregular eating, and headaches may increase risk.
What they did
They surveyed 675 high school girls in Kobe City, Japan, asking about their periods, sleep habits, exercise, stress, eating patterns, and headaches.
What they found
8.4% had PMDD and 18.5% had PMS. The rate of PMDD increased with school year: 5.4% in first year, 7.4% in second year, and 12.6% in third year. Girls with PMDD were more likely to stay up late, exercise less, experience stress, have irregular eating, and have headaches or migraines.
What it means for you
PMDD and PMS are fairly common in teenage girls and appear linked to lifestyle and stress. This study was done in one Japanese city at one time, so the findings may not apply to other countries or groups.
8.4%
PMDD prevalence
18.5%
PMS prevalence
12.6%
PMDD in third-year students
About the study
- Original title
- The Prevalence of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder and Its Modulation by Lifestyle and Psychological Factors in High School Students
- Authors
- Elsi Dwi Hapsari, Yuria Mantani, Hiroya Matsuo
- Journal
- Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)
- Year
- 2006
- Study design
- Survey study
- Participants
- 675
- What was tested
- None
- Open access
- Yes
- Read the paper
- doi.org/10.24546/81000705
Topics
Related studies
Lab study, 2026
Do core stability exercises help women with PMDD?
Survey study, 2023
Is PMS or PMDD more common in girls who live in dormitories?
Randomised trial, 2026
Which works better for PMDD: cognitive-behavioral therapy or mindfulness-based cognitive therapy?
Study, 2026
What are premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder?
Survey study, 2025
Is the PSST a good screening tool for PMS in Bangladesh?
Cohort study, 2025
What causes migraine in female college students who have PMS?