Review, 2026
What biological, psychological, and social factors contribute to PMDD?
PMDD involves hormonal changes, genetic factors, personality traits, pre-existing mental health conditions, cultural stigma, and differences in access to support and care.
What they did
A narrative review of research from 2017 to 2024 examining PMDD from biological, psychological, and social perspectives in adult women aged 18 and above.
What they found
Hormonal fluctuations (estrogen and progesterone) and genetic factors contribute to PMDD. Neurotransmitter imbalances, especially serotonin, affect mood symptoms. Personality traits like neuroticism and perfectionism increase emotional reactivity. Pre-existing anxiety and mood disorders worsen symptoms. Cultural stigma around menstruation, variable access to social support, and socioeconomic differences all influence symptom severity and treatment accessibility.
What it means for you
PMDD is complex and involves biological, psychological, and social factors. Effective treatment should address all three dimensions through personalized, multi-approach care. This narrative review covers broad areas and may not evaluate all evidence with equal rigor.
3
Dimensions (biological, psychological, social)
2017-2024
Years of research reviewed
Serotonin
Key neurotransmitter
About the study
- Original title
- Unraveling the complexity of premenstrual dysphoric disorder: A biopsychosocial perspective
- Authors
- Shagun Katoch, Akshita
- Journal
- Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research
- Year
- 2026
- Study design
- Review
- What was tested
- None (narrative review)
- Open access
- Yes
- Read the paper
- doi.org/10.18231/j.ijogr.11699.1768465672
Topics
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