At a glance
- Sugar and sweet cravings often cluster in the week before your period, when progesterone and estrogen drop and inflammation markers tend to rise.
- Up to 40 to 50% of women in some studies crave chocolate or sweets, and in a trial that tested progesterone and a tranquilizer, neither drug reduced the craving (Physiology & Behavior, 1999).
- What you're craving may be rich, calorie-dense food generally, since fat desire rises before a period more consistently than desire for carbs alone.
- Eating protein or fat earlier in the day can soften the urge to reach for sugar later, more than resisting the craving outright.
- Tracking cravings against your cycle for two months shows whether the pattern is real, and whether it comes with a hard mood week worth mentioning to a doctor.
Strength of evidence
Moderate evidence
Most of this research comes from small trials and cross-sectional surveys, not large randomized trials. The core pattern (perimenstrual craving, fat and sugar together, links to inflammation) is consistent across studies, but what causes it is still being worked out.
Why do I crave sugar before my period?
Craving sugar or sweets in the days before your period is common, and it isn't a failure of willpower. Estrogen and progesterone both fall sharply before bleeding starts, and that drop changes how your brain handles food, mood and stress together.
Researchers who study this call it a perimenstrual craving, because it clusters in the days around your period rather than showing up at random. In studies from North America, close to 40 to 50% of women report craving chocolate or sweets, and about half of that group craves mainly in the days surrounding their period (Physiology & Behavior, 1999). That timing is consistent enough that scientists study it as a measurable body pattern, the same way they'd study a change in sleep or temperature.
Some people notice it's chocolate specifically, others crave sweets in general, and both patterns show up in the research on perimenstrual craving. It also tends to ease once your period starts and hormone levels shift again. For a broader look at how these cravings show up, see why sugar and sweet cravings happen before your period.
What's happening with your hormones and body?
The hormone most people blame is progesterone, and it does drop fast in the final days before your period. But a study that gave women progesterone, a tranquilizer, or a placebo found that neither drug reduced chocolate or sweet craving, so the drop by itself isn't the whole story (Physiology & Behavior, 1999).
Inflammation seems to matter too. A study that followed 259 women for two menstrual cycles found cravings were linked to inflammatory markers in the blood, even after accounting for hormone levels and stress (Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 2023). Separately, researchers found that women with PMDD reported a stronger pull toward fatty foods before their period, while desire for carbohydrates alone and for drinks stayed about the same (Appetite, 1999). So what you're craving may be rich, calorie-dense food, sugar and fat together, rather than sugar on its own.
A study of 207 nursing students found food cravings were the strongest predictor of hedonic hunger (wanting food for pleasure rather than hunger), and that hedonic hunger was one of several factors linked to food cravings in students with PMS (Frontiers in Public Health, 2025). If you also notice you're hungrier overall, not just craving sweets, why you might feel hungrier before your period covers that pattern.
Is it normal, or could it be PMDD?
On its own, craving sugar before your period is PMS, and PMS is common. One study of 230 young women found that 61.3% of the group had PMS, and those with PMS reported eating more ultra-processed food along with higher food-craving scores (Food Science & Nutrition, 2025). Another study screened 432 women and found that among the 214 diagnosed with PMS, higher food cravings tracked with higher scores for depression, anxiety and stress (İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 2026).
Neither finding means you have PMDD. PMDD is a diagnosis in the DSM-5-TR. It requires at least five symptoms in the final week before your period, including one mood symptom such as irritability, anxiety, low mood or sudden rejection sensitivity, easing within a few days of your period starting and confirmed by daily tracking over at least two cycles. A craving for sweets doesn't count toward that list on its own. This is also different from premenstrual exacerbation, where an existing condition like depression gets harder before your period but doesn't fully ease once it starts.
If sugar cravings show up alongside a week most months where eating turns into something that leaves you upset with yourself, that pattern is worth tracking and bringing to a doctor, and the urge to binge before your period walks through what that can look like.
What helps in the moment?
You don't have to fight a sugar craving with sheer willpower to prove anything. A study that gave women progesterone or a tranquilizer found neither drug reduced chocolate or sweet craving (Physiology & Behavior, 1999). That suggests the craving isn't something a pill alone can switch off, which is worth knowing before you blame yourself for not resisting it.
A few things help more than resisting:
- Eat something with protein or fat earlier in the day, like eggs, Greek yogurt or nuts. Starting the day hungry tends to make any craving harder to ignore later.
- Have a small, planned portion of what you're craving instead of waiting until you're starving and grabbing whatever's closest.
- Pair the sweet with something that slows digestion, like fruit with nut butter, instead of sugar by itself.
- Treat the craving as information about what your body needs right now, rather than a test of good or bad. The moral framing tends to backfire.
If you want a fuller plan for food across the whole cycle, see what actually helps with a PMS diet and what to eat during the luteal phase.
How do you track whether it's cyclical?
The only way to know whether your sugar cravings are tied to your cycle, and not just a hard week, is to write them down against the date. Note the day of your cycle, whether you crave something sweet, and how strong it feels, from mild to hard to ignore, for at least two cycles. Two cycles matters more than one, since a single hard month can be stress or travel instead of your cycle.
A pattern usually shows up by the second month, cravings clustering in the week or two before bleeding, easing once your period starts. One study of 280 college students found that nearly 60% reported food cravings tied to their cycle, most often for dairy, followed by spicy, sweet and salty foods, mainly around menstruation itself (International Journal of Multidisciplinary Trends, 2026). Tracking also shows whether cravings come with a harder mood week, which matters for the PMS versus PMDD question above.
You can start tonight with a note on your phone, today's date, your cycle day if you know it, and one line about what you craved. Niyora is a PMS and PMDD support app that gives you an estimated PMS window, built from your own cycle, so you can see your likely PMS window before it arrives, without creating an account. If you want a faster first read on how much PMS is shaping your month, this quiz on how much PMS is affecting you is a good place to start.
From the research library
Research on food cravings
178 studies in the library look at food cravings in PMS and PMDD. They were published from 1982 to 2026, and each one is summarised in plain English.
178
studies, 1982 to 2026
How strong the studies are
- Strong study design
- 7
- Moderate study design
- 70
- Early or limited evidence
- 101
Systematic review, 2026
Does vitamin D supplementation help PMS symptoms?
Vitamin D reduced overall PMS severity and particularly helped with physical symptoms and depression, but the certainty of this evidence is very low. We cannot be confident in these findings yet and more high-quality research is needed.
Strong study design
Cohort study, 2021
Are low antioxidant vitamins or high oxidative stress linked to premenstrual syndrome?
This study found that oxidative stress markers were linked to more depression and food cravings symptoms and more severe PMS, but antioxidant vitamin levels were mostly not associated with PMS symptoms.
Strong study design
Survey study, 2016
Is PMS or PMDD linked to eating disorders like bulimia and binge eating?
Yes. Women with PMDD had 7 times higher odds of bulimia nervosa and women with PMS had 2.5 times higher odds of bulimia, but neither was strongly linked to binge-eating disorder.
Strong study design
Randomised trial, 2011
Does a birth control pill reduce negative emotions, food cravings, and water retention in women with PMDD?
Yes, the pill significantly reduced all three symptom clusters compared to placebo in all three treatment cycles. The greatest improvements happened in the first cycle.
Strong study design
Review, 2001
What causes PMS and PMDD, and how are they treated?
PMS is caused by abnormal responses to normal hormone changes during the menstrual cycle. Treatment includes lifestyle changes like diet and exercise, and medications. SSRIs are the first-line treatment for PMDD, and calcium supplements may help.
Strong study design
Review, 1997
Does appetite and food cravings change during the menstrual cycle, especially in women with PMS?
Yes. Energy intake is higher in the second half of the cycle (luteal phase) compared to around ovulation. Many women with PMS report carbohydrate cravings before menstruation, possibly linked to changes in serotonin levels.
Strong study design
Clinical trials
Questions people ask
Why do I crave chocolate before my period?+
Chocolate cravings before your period are among the most studied perimenstrual cravings. Research testing whether low progesterone or tension caused the pull found that chocolate and sweet cravings cluster in the days around menstruation for many women who crave them at all, though what triggers the craving inside that window is still debated (Physiology & Behavior, 1999).
Are sugar cravings before my period a sign of PMDD?+
Sugar cravings before your period, on their own, aren't a sign of PMDD. PMDD needs at least five symptoms, including a mood symptom like irritability or anxiety, in the week before your period, confirmed by daily tracking over two cycles. A craving paired with a hard mood week every month is worth tracking and discussing with a doctor.
Why do I crave sugar during my period, not just before?+
Cravings often build during the luteal phase and can continue once your period starts, since hormone levels are still shifting and inflammation can stay high for a few days. A study of 280 college students found sweets were among the most craved foods during menstruation, alongside dairy and salty food (2026).
Does eating the sugar I crave make PMS worse?+
No study has directly tested whether giving in to a craving now and then makes PMS worse. What researchers do see is a link between diets heavy in ultra-processed food and higher PMS and mood scores, so the overall pattern across your month seems to matter more than any single sweet before your period.
How many days before my period do sugar cravings usually start?+
Sugar cravings before your period usually build during the luteal phase, the one to two weeks after ovulation and before bleeding, often becoming strongest in the final week. The exact timing varies by person, which is why tracking your own pattern for a couple of cycles gives a clearer answer than any general rule.
Sources
- 1.The role of low progesterone and tension as triggers of perimenstrual chocolate and sweets craving: some negative experimental evidence, Physiology & behavior, 1999
- 2.Food "cravings" and the acute effects of alprazolam on food intake in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder, Appetite, 1999
- 3.Association of inflammation biomarkers with food cravings and appetite changes across the menstrual cycle, Clinical nutrition ESPEN, 2023
- 4.Hedonic hunger and food cravings: understanding their role in premenstrual syndrome among nursing students, Frontiers in public health, 2025
- 5.Premenstrual Syndrome, Ultra-Processed Food Intake, and Food Cravings: A New Perspective, Food science & nutrition, 2025
- 6.Menstrual-related mood changes and food cravings: A cross-sectional study among college students, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Trends, 2026
- 7.Relationships Between the Dietary Inflammatory Index, Food Cravings, and Mood States in Women with Premenstrual Syndrome, İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 2026